Effectiveness of Refugee Service Management Through Budget Optimization at the Immigration Detention Center in Makassar
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Refugee service management requires effective budget utilization to ensure the continuous provision of essential services. However, budget absorption does not always reflect service quality, making it important to examine how budget planning and realization support refugee needs. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of refugee service management through budget utilization optimization at the Makassar Immigration Detention Center from 2023 to 2025. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews with purposively selected key informants, including senior management, financial officers, technical staff, and frontline service personnel. The data were analyzed descriptively to identify budget management practices, implementation challenges, and opportunities for service improvement. The findings showed that average budget realization remained below 60% of the allocated budget ceiling, although budget management capacity was relatively stable. Key challenges included a shortage of medical personnel, limited understanding of budget planning among technical units, and inadequate coordination across subdivisions. These challenges potentially constrained the alignment between budget allocation and refugees’ needs for healthcare, security, basic necessities, and on-site services. This study highlights the importance of integrating budget efficiency with service quality evaluation. Practically, it recommends strengthening needs-based planning, reviewing activities with low budget absorption, improving cross-unit coordination, digitalizing financial reporting, and enhancing collaboration with international partners. These measures can support more accountable, responsive, and sustainable refugee service management.
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