The Influence of Loading and Unloading Operations and Dockworker Performance on Container Handling at the General Cargo Terminal of Tanjung Priok Port
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Container handling at the general cargo terminal of Tanjung Priok Port faces operational challenges, including limited space and infrastructure, delayed cargo arrivals, and uneven workloads among dockworkers. These conditions can reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of loading and unloading operations, highlighting the need to examine the factors influencing container handling performance. This study aimed to analyze the influence of loading and unloading activities and dockworker performance on container handling at the terminal. A descriptive qualitative research design was employed, using primary data collected through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving a cooperative official and dockworkers, as well as secondary data obtained from relevant literature. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, while the collected information was analyzed descriptively to identify operational patterns and challenges. The findings revealed that container handling was closely associated with the effectiveness and efficiency of loading and unloading activities. Operations conducted according to established plans resulted in more effective container handling, whereas operational obstacles negatively affected service quality. Furthermore, dockworker performance was influenced by skills and competencies developed through certification and training programs, particularly in adapting to modernized handling equipment. These competencies contributed positively to loading and unloading activities and overall container handling performance. This study highlights the importance of coordinated operational planning, continuous workforce development, and competency-based training in improving port terminal efficiency. The findings provide practical insights for port management and relevant stakeholders in optimizing cargo handling operations and strengthening dockworker capabilities.
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